-: MAKING DANCING OR DISCO LIGHTS :-

This type of dancing or disco lights are commonly seen in the movies or clubs.
These lights have charming colours dancing on the shirts or coats of performers.
You can make the dancing light with the help of this project. This is an inexpensive
project and easy to make.

*** MATERIALS REQUIRED ***       

•  Connect all the components on solderless breadboard as shown in the IMAGE. 
•  The positive wire of first LED in each series should be connected to the positive terminal of the battery. 
• After assembling all the components as per the circuit, as soon as you connect the battery, you will see the charming green and red colours. You can put a switch In the battery circuit. 

Try to make it on a small PCB so that it can be pinned with the pocket of the shirt.

-: MAKING AN ANEMOMETER :-

 An anemometer is an instrument used to measure the velocity of wind. The simplest anemometer has three or four cups attached to a vertical pipe. The wind catches the cups, spinning them around. The winds speed is measured by the number of times the cups go round in a certain period of time. Aeroplane pilots and sailors need to know the speed of the wind. A meteorologist makes use of anemometer for making weather forecasts.

*** MATERIALS REQUIRED ***       

•  Take one foot length of stiff wire.

       

• Bend one of its ends in the form of a loop.
• Fix this end at the bottom of the shoe box with tape.                                     

•  Place the lid on making a hole for the wire.
• Take two thin pieces of wood and make a cross

•  Push four paper cups onto the ends of the wooden cross, facing In a circle. 
• Tie a cotton thread to the pin in the side of the tube, leading it sideways over a roller. 

• Tie a small weight at the other end of the thread, just touching the ground.
•  Now, put the whole arrangement in a windy place and let the cups go. They should swing round in the wind. Use a watch to note the time, how long the weight takes to rise from the ground to the edge of the table. Now, divide this length by the time taken, and you will get, wind velocity. 

-: DEMONSTRATING THE PHENOMENON OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS :-

Green plants use energy from sunlight and carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to produce oxygen and food. This process is called photosynthesis. To demonstrate the process of photosynthesis, green plants can be used and the oxygen produced can be collected in a test tube. 

-: MATERIALS REQUIRED :-

•  Buy a couple of plants suitable for a fresh-water aquarium from any nursery.

•  Fill the test tube with water and keeping it under water, slide it sideways over the funnel.

•  Position the funnel and the test tube over the water plants. At this stage, the test tube should still be full with water. Put the trough in a sunny place and observe It for about three hours. The oxygen gas will come out from the plants In the form of tiny bubbles and rise up Into the test tube.

• Test this gas by burning a strip of magnesium, which bums more brightty in the test tube, confirming the presence of oxygen. 

-: MAKING A CHEMICAL GARDEN :-

A chemical garden is based on the process of crystal growth in the solution of water glass. It Is a garden with nonliving plants but that is very attractive.

*** MATERIALS REQUIRED ***

• Mix equal volumes of water and water glass and pour this solution into the aquarium tank.

•  Drop in the solution a few pieces of chemical salts, such as copper chloride, copper sulphate, copper nitrate, magnesium sulphate, aluminium sulphate, ferrous sulphate, ferrous chloride, alum, nickel sulphate, etc. These pieces should be slightly away from one another.

• Place the jar In an undisturbed place. After a few hours, attractive crystalline growths will appear as the chemicals react with the solution. Within a few days, a beautiful garden-type growth will appear In the jar.

-: MODEL OF A VOLCANO :-

The chemical volcano is based on the endothermic decomposition of ammonium dichromate. It portrays a volcanic eruption clearly.

• Take an asbestos wire gauge of 12 inch X 12 inch size. (It is available in your chemistry laboratory.)
• Build a volcanic cone with ordinary wet clay about 8 inch in diameter and 12 inch in height. Make a 2 inch deep cavity in the cone with the help of a wooden stick when the clay is wet. Dry it in the sun for two-three days.

•  Mix 65 gm of magnesium powder with 250 gm of ammonium dichromate powder.

• Put the asbestos gauge with the volcanic cone on a tripod stand and heat its central part with the flames of a Bunsen burner.
•  Pour some mixture into the cone of the volcano. The smoke with sparks due to, the formation of nitrogen will come out and give the appearance of a volcanic eruption.